Biomedical Research

Objective: In the current study, we investigated potential risk factors affecting early pleural effusion (PE) after coronary artery bypass grafting surgery.

Materials and Methods: The research was carried out by a retrospective study design. The individuals were separated into two groups: PE group (n=102) and non-PE group (n=2786), respectively. The main outcome of the study was the presence or absence of PE. The demographic and clinical variables were predictor factors as follows: age, gender, smoking, diabetes mellitus, hypertension, obesity, body mass index, family history, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), myocardial infarction, renal dysfunction, carotid artery stenosis, number of diseased coronary arteries including side branches, the presence of left main coronary artery (LMCA) stenosis (>50%), mitral annuloplasty, valve surgery, aneurysmectomy, atrial fibrillation, ventilation time, bleeding revision, length of stay in hospital, preoperative Left Ventricular Ejection Fraction (LVEF), cardiopulmonary bypass time, cross-clamp time, inotropes in intensive care and intra-aortic balloon pump (IABP). Multiple logistic regressions were used to predict PE based on the defined predictors.

Results: Number of diseased coronary arteries including side branches, carotid artery stenosis and length of hospital stay were significantly different between the groups (p<0.05) in univariate analyses. Based on these findings of multiple logistic regression, carotid artery stenosis, number of diseased coronary arteries including side branches (4 coronary arteries), ventilation time and length of stay in hospital were significantly associated with PE (p<0.05).

Conclusions: Carotid artery stenosis, number of diseased coronary arteries including side branches (4 coronary arteries), ventilation time and length of stay in hospital were associated with pleural effusions after coronary artery bypass grafting surgery. Modifications of the risk factors can reduce the potential risk of PE after surgical operation.

Author(s): Mehmet Cengiz Colak, Cemil Colak, Nevzat Erdil, Suleyman Sandal
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