Biomedical Research

Hyperglycemia, obesity, insulin resistance, dyslipidemia and hypertension are interrelated cardiometabolic risk factors for the development of type-2 diabetes and metabolic syndrome. Prevalence of type-2 diabetes is growing at an alarming rate. Treatment target for type-2 dia-betes is to keep daily glucose profile as close as possible to that of a non-diabetic person. Sul-fonylureas, thiazolidinediones, meglitinides, biguanides and acarbose inhibitors are already being used in controlling glucose levels in type-2 diabetes. Mimicking or enhancing the actions of incretin is a new strategy which can help to control glucose levels in type-2 diabetics. This review discusses the incretin mimetics and enhancers, drug group with novel mechanism of ac-tions; which were marketed recently or will be in market in near future. Exenatide and liraglutide are injectable glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists, while vildagliptin and si-tagliptin are oral dipeptidyl peptidase 4 inhibitors.

Author(s): Rajiv Mahajan and Kapil Gupta
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